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MVRDV改造了事务所初期的开创性项目——2000年汉诺威世博会荷兰馆。该方案将把荷兰馆重塑为一座共享办公大楼,并在展馆周围新建两座建筑:一座学生宿舍楼,和一座办公和停车大楼。设计延续了原有的品质——包括保留了位于三楼的森林——森林不仅使荷兰馆成为2000年世博会的标志,并向两栋新建筑重新诠释了项目的原始概念。
2000年世博会荷兰馆的设计呼应了当年荷兰馆的主题“荷兰创造空间”。6种代表性荷兰景观并没有占据整个馆区,而是在场地的一角堆叠成一座塔楼,馆区其余部分则成为了一个开放的户外空间。荷兰馆在当年抢尽了风头,对于一个匮乏土地的国家来说,这座场馆打开了人们的思路,即自然可以被人为地创造并垂直地堆叠起来。荷兰馆成为了可持续设计的一个重要参照,展示了理想的建筑可以是一个自给自足的生态系统,融入自然并且实现内部资源循环。
The design of the original Expo 2000 pavilion was a response to the Dutch theme for the Expo, “Holland Creates Space”. Instead of occupying the full site, six Dutch landscapes were stacked into a tower on one portion of the site, while the remainder of the area became an open outdoor space within the Expo grounds. The pavilion stole the show; for a country defined by its lack of land, the pavilion conveyed the liberating message that nature can be created artificially and stacked vertically. It became a key reference for sustainable design, presenting an ideal of a building as a self-contained ecosystem, incorporating nature and generating its own internal resource cycles.
MVRDV’s design maintains the qualities – including the forest on the 3rd floor – that made the pavilion an icon of the 2000 World Expo
新项目将延续“层叠景观”的概念,改造现有的世博会荷兰馆,并在场地周边新增两座阶梯式建筑。改造后的荷兰馆将包含共享办公空间和会议空间,原有的设计特色将得以保存并转化为办公元素。例如,一楼原本是网格状的温室,新的设计将保持其严格的直线布局并将其用作办公室;而二楼的豆舱——原本是绿植空间——将使用玻璃改造成会议室和办公空间。其他保留的特征还包括三楼的森林层和外部的楼梯,底层的“沙丘”被改为集合点并配备咖啡厅和展览空间。屋顶以前是一家餐厅,现在将入驻一家新的快餐。
The current project maintains this “stacked landscape” concept, renovating the existing building and adding two stepped buildings on the perimeter of the original site. The renovated pavilion will house co-working offices and meeting rooms, with particular attention given to maintaining the features of the original design and converting them into office elements. For example the 1st floor, which originally housed a grid of greenhouses, will keep its strict rectilinear layout as an office, while the pods on the 2nd floor – originally planters – will be glazed and converted into meeting rooms and office spaces. Other features that will be retained are the forest level and the exterior staircases; the ground-level “dunes” will be retained as a meeting point with small cafés and exhibition areas, and the rooftop dome that was formerly home to a restaurant will now host a new fast-casual restaurant.
在两座新建筑中,体量较大的一座是学生宿舍,较小的一座是办公室和停车场。新的建筑围合形成了一个街区,在场地的西边留出了一个入口,提供了进入场地中心景观庭院的通道。根据“层叠景观”的概念,新建筑的阶梯式屋顶将形成一系列色彩丰富、便利可达的露台,在每个露台都具有不同的功能,从花园、体育设施到学习区和电影院。彩色的表面将这些露台连接在一起,并且像丝带一样延伸到新的体块上,不同颜色的表面定义了不同的功能和空间。原荷兰馆的外立面将采用高透明度的玻璃,以此保持设计的开放性和通透性。
The two new buildings add student housing (in the larger building) with offices and parking (in the smaller building). These form perimeter blocks around the site, stepping down to create an entry point on the west of the site that provides access to the landscaped courtyard in the centre of the ensemble. In a twist on the concept of stacked landscapes, the new buildings’ stepped roofs will form a series of colourful, accessible terraces with a different function on each terrace, from gardens and sports facilities to study areas and a cinema. These terraces are linked together by a coloured surface that extends like a ribbon over the new volumes, defining uses and spaces. Where new facades are required to enclose the pavilion, high-transparency glass is used to maintain the design’s open and transparent character.
The Holland Creates Space concept, in which most of the site remained unbuilt during the Expo, proves to be a key element in the re-development
“对我们来说,这是一个非常激动人心的机会,可以重返我们二十多年前在事务所早期设计的项目。” MVRDV联合创始人Jacob van Rijs说:“原设计毫无疑问是一个用途特殊的独特设计,尽管设计是直言不讳的,但是它的核心结构具有高度的可重复利用性,比最初的设想更加灵活。每个楼层的特色将被保留,并转化为功能性的办公环境,新的方案同时还保留了世博馆独特的实验性特征。你可以在沙丘上、在森林里、或者在树洞间工作。”
“It’s such an exciting opportunity for us to revisit this early project of ours that we first worked on over twenty years ago”, says MVRDV founding partner Jacob van Rijs. “The original design was certainly a unique design for a very specific purpose, but despite its outspoken design its core structure is highly reusable and more flexible than originally imagined. The differences between the floors will be maintained and converted into a functional office environment that nevertheless retains the unique experimental features of the Expo Pavilion. You will be able to work on the Dunes, or in the forest, or between the treepots.”
体量较大的一幢新建筑其地面以上共有9层,包含370间学生公寓。最底层是一个有300多个自行车位的停放系统。体量较小的建筑地上有五层和一层地下室。最上面的三层用作办公室和会议室,而地下室和低层的两层则是停车场。
This new phase of the Expo Pavilion’s story builds on the building’s reputation as an important reference for sustainable architecture. Not only will the forest level remain an exemplary instance of natural elements added to the built environment, it will also become a showcase for the reuse of existing structures, showing how buildings can be designed with future adaptations in mind.
荷兰馆原先未曾改造是因为以前所有的尝试——不计其数的尝试——都失败了。然而,随着城市扩张,这片曾经处于城市边缘的地区变得越来越稠密和有活力,因此这片区域有了重新开发的机会。该场馆暴露在自然环境中长达20年之久,建筑已逐渐破败——尽管它还保留了良好的结构,同时三楼的森林还一直在生长。在此之前,为维护世博会后仅剩的几座重点场馆,汉诺威市发挥了至关重要的作用。当年“荷兰创造空间”的概念使该馆区大部分场地保持空旷,如今这些空地成为了重新开发的关键元素。如果没有高效的新建筑带来的营收,“低效”场馆的翻修就不可能实现。
The original pavilion was not transformed earlier as all previous initiatives – and there were countless – failed. However as the city expanded, the area that was once on the fringes is becoming more active and populated, making new developments possible. The structure itself stood exposed to the elements for 20 years, becoming a ruin – albeit one in remarkable structural condition, while the forest on the 3rd floor kept growing by itself. During this time, the city of Hannover played a crucial supportive role in maintaining the pavilion as one of the few remaining key structures from the World Expo. Now, the Holland Creates Space concept in which most of the site remained unbuilt during the Expo proves to be a key element in the re-development. Without the additional revenues of the efficient new buildings, the renovation of the “inefficient” pavilion would be impossible.
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