WATIC系列专访vol.9|数字化设计创造更高标准的未来城市
阅读:6105 2021-12-10



WATIC系列专访旨在通过建筑科技创新力量加速建筑行业变革,采访将覆盖超过百万人群,意图聚集科技创新企业、学术机构、行业协会、建筑设计及城市规划等领域专家、领军人物。

内容将围绕创新科技在城市与建筑中的应用,探索新型建筑科技如何赋能城市建设,助力城市未来可持续发展,以专业的内容为产业链和创新链的融合发展带来借鉴意义。
vol.9


“数智营城”
系列专题采访
Digital & Intelligent Technology Build a Smarter City

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Garett Hwang
UNStudio 总监
Director of UNStudio


2021年11月10日

 10:00

采访时间

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WATIC: 我们好奇您最近在关注哪些领域?有什么UNStudio亚洲新动态可以与我们分享吗?
We are curious about which areas you are focused on recently. Are there any new developments in UNStudio Asia that you can share with us?

Garett Hwang:自UNStudio于11年前进驻亚洲以来,我们位于上海和香港的工作室就一直致力于为亚洲建筑市场上不同尺度的多元项目提供更好的设计,思考如何通过设计回应亚洲独特的社会文化
Since UNStudio Asia opened its doors 11 years ago, our two offices in Shanghai and Hong Kong have focused on how to better serve the scale and complexity that the Asian architecture market demands, and achieved designs that reflect the societal and cultural opportunities which are unique to Asia.

多年以来,亚洲的建筑项目始终朝着更为成熟和高标准的方向发展。从我们近期的项目中也可以看到,无论是商业还是文化类项目都展现出前所未有的业态多样性及功能复杂化趋势。基于这样的发展变化,我们的创意设计团队始终秉持着“设计未来”的理念不断地探究新的符合未来的设计方法。
Over the years, the  projects in Asia have only increased in sophistication and in ambition and through our more recent projects, we are seeing a universal increase of hybridization of typologies in both commercial and cultural mixed-use projects, which previously used to occur only occasionally. Catering to such demands, we are constantly studying and applying new ways to design with the anticipation of change in mind. 

为了更好地满足当今消费者和用户不断演变的需求,我们在设计过程中不断假设、推演新的标准和空间体验——这直接影响着我们的设计和建造方法。在项目的设计、分析、视觉化和建造的过程中,我们不仅收获了更优秀的建筑,自身也成长为更优秀的建筑师团队。
How our designs can serve the evolving demands of users today can best be solved through us constantly re-defining assumptions, standards, and experiences. This directly affects our approach to design and constructing. During the process of developing, visualizing, analyzing, and building these projects, we are able to better not only the constructed result but also grow as architects.

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龙光神湾游艇会会所 ©Tom Roe



WATIC: 众所周知,建造行业在过去发生激烈变革,如何看待未来建造与科技之间的关系?
As we all know, the construction industry has undergone drastic changes in the past. How do you view the relationship between architecture and technology in the future?

Garett Hwang:设计与“建造”的关系总是会回到最基本的问题:如何建造所“设计”的建筑。当建筑设计领域的创新技术飞速发展时,建造也必须发生相应的创新。若要“设计”方案可以完全按照设计意图建造出来,设计和施工之间的差距永远不能太大。建筑与施工之间的关系是相互依存和促进的,二者的共同发展,才能推动整个行业发展与进步。
The relationship between design and construction always returns to the basic question of how to construct what is designed. When architectural design leaps forward in technological innovation, construction must do the same, as the gap between design and constructability can never grow too wide. The interdependency between architecture and construction thus prompts both industries to drive each other to advance and grow.

建造领域的进步带来了设计的进步。现在,建筑行业通过BIM进行施工管理,采用数字技术和机器人技术进行制造和质量控制,引入新的高强度混合材料进行施工等等,这些都推动建筑的数字化,使我们摆脱了几何形态和施工可能性的限制。
Big steps in the construction industry allows for big steps in design. The use of construction management through BIM, fabrication and quality control by the means of digital technology and robotics, and the introduction of new high-performative hybrid materials, all feed into the progress of digital architecture, and free us from geometrical and constructability constraints.

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杭州来福士广场 ©Jin Xing

技术将继续使建筑设计和施工结合得更为紧密。未来,技术仍将是建筑行业的核心驱动力,并将其影响力扩展到建筑设计过程中的数据分析、生成和操作等应用中。同时,技术还将通过自身的创新发展来应对建筑设计中的新需求,持续提供帮助理解、呈现、实现建筑设计的新手段,让施工技艺的创新融入设计过程。
Technology will continue to bring design and construction closer together. In the future, technology will remain a key driver in architecture, expanding the possibilities of data analysis, generation, manipulation, etc. For application in architectural design. At the same time, technology will serve architecture by answering what is needed and missing in the processes of design. By providing new ways to represent and formulate architecture, technology will keep on providing better means to understand and therefore fabricate what is digitally defined, and thus integrate and tie construction innovation into the design process.
 

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杭州来福士广场立面 ©Seth Powers

技术作为一种工具,在我们的项目中(例如杭州的来福士广场迪拜的Wasl塔项目)帮助我们分析变量并将其纳入建筑和外墙系统的设计和性能中。在正在建造的香港演艺综合剧场项目中,技术在设计到施工管理的全流程中都发挥了重要的作用。该项目的场地面临复杂及严苛的限制条件。首先,现场有多个处于不同施工阶段的其他项目。此外,项目自身的难点还包括如何将不同功能的空间相互交织穿插,现场的施工管理也极为复杂。施工的难点在于如何将不同功能的空间相互交织穿插,合理平衡现场施工顺序。没有参数化设计和BIM技术,这些难点都将无法得到解决。
In our projects, such as the Raffles City in Hangzhou and our Wasl tower in Dubai, we used technology as a tool allowing us to analyze and incorporate variables into the design and performance of the architecture and façade systems. In our Lyric Theatre Complex project in Hong Kong, technology contributes from design to construction management. For instance due to the complexity of the site with its very constrained and difficult conditions, one major challenge has been how to allow for the overlaps of construction phases and buildings. This project is a puzzle about designing programmatic spatial integration, while equally balancing site constraints and the contractor’s construction sequencing , none of which could have been solved without parametric design and BIM technology.


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迪拜Wasl塔 ©Methanoia



WATIC: 我们非常关注最近正在进行中的Lyric演艺综合剧场项目。可否为我们简要介绍一下这个具有里程碑意义的项目?在复杂几何造型的建筑过程中,数字工具软件是如何帮助其实现的?
We are quite interested in the Lyric Theatre Complex (Hong Kong). Can you introduce this landmark project? In the construction process of complex geometric shapes, how does digital software help it to be achieved?

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香港Lyric演艺综合剧场 ©DBOX 

Garett Hwang:Lyric演艺综合剧场在一个原计划只设置一个大剧院的空间内重新设计了一个可容纳三个不同功能的剧院,以及可供排练的彩排教室,餐饮区等。作为一个地标性项目,它坐落在填海而来的土地上,下面有一条高速铁路通过。该项目不仅是西九龙文化区的一部分,也是该区域地下公共交通空间的重要组成部分,肩负着连接剧院与区域内其他建筑物相连接的重任,项目有一半空间处于地下。
The Lyric Theatre Complex incorporates the programs and functions of three theaters, as well aspractice studios and destination dining, into a small site that was originally designated for only one theatre.  As a landmark project it sits right along the waterfront of refilled land, with a high-speed rail going underneath it. As part of the West Kowloon Culture District and its communal basement for all loading and vehicle traffic that connects the Theatre Complex to the other buildings in the District, the building is also half underground.
 
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香港演艺综合剧场剖面图  ©UNStudio

该项目的挑战是一种“多层次”的挑战——包括空间、技术和基础设施等——因为该项目的设计不仅需要将一栋建筑内的多个剧院在声学上相互隔离,还要考虑隔离整个剧院与周围建筑物以及地下基础设施产生的震动和噪音。在这种情况下,项目最终采取“盒中盒”的形式,用大约670个避震弹簧把他们相互隔开,令建筑“坐在”弹簧之上。

So the challenges of the project have always been multi-layered - both spatial, technical, and infrastructural - as the Theatre Project needs to acoustically isolate the multiple theatres from each other within one building, and at the same time isolate the entire building from the vibration and noise outside the building, stemming from the infrastructure and conditions below ground.The solution in this case lies in hybrid box-in-box acoustic isolation within the building, and approximately 670 vibration isolation springs on which the building “sits” on top.

项目采取分阶段施工,地下部分已经在建设中。对场地的控制以及不同的施工要素使该项目在管理方面极其复杂。数字化设计和BIM工具的应用解决了建造和管理的复杂性,进一步彰显了其对施工和建造管理的必要性。
With the phased construction, the basement is already being built, and as a result controlled access to the site and the different elements of construction make the project extremely complicated in terms of management. Digital design and BIM tools have been instrumental and absolutely necessary for construction and fabrication management.

我们在设计的每个阶段和领域都充分依赖数字工具的使用:从满足剧场内部声学设计、座椅视线调整的形态几何体分析,到使用浮板和嵌套混凝土外壳对每个剧院进行声学隔离,都需要借助数字化设计工具。贯穿建筑中央的公共动线连接了多个剧场,形成复杂的几何形态。这不仅需要建筑建模,还需要为蜿蜒曲折的复杂动线结构建模。
Design wise, every aspect and design phase relied on the use of digital tools: from form finding and analyzing the geometry inside each of the theatres from an acoustic perspective and seating sightlines, to acoustically isolating each of the theatres with floating slabs and nested concrete shells. Weaving the public circulation through the center of the building to connect the multiple theatre foyers introduced layers of complex geometry, which not only had to be modelled for the architectural part but also for the complex structure as we had irregular loading paths due to the overlapping theatres’ volumes and winding public circulation.

数字化设计软件的使用不仅满足了用户的需求,更对复杂几何体建筑的设计起到合理化、优化的作用,发挥协调各专业的积极作用。
The use of digital software was essential to make the building not only perform to user requirements, but also to rationalize and optimize the complex geometry throughout the design for fabrication purposes, and coordinate the various building services.



WATIC: 现在有非常多的设计单位,开始搭建自己的设计平台,增加动态数字体验,也称作“沉浸式设计”,UNStudio是否也正在搭建类似的平台?而这样的独立设计平台是否会对Adobe、Autodesk公司等造成市场份额的冲击?这将对今后的设计板块带来怎样的变革?
Many design firms started to build their own design platform to increase the dynamic digital experience, also known as "immersive design". Does UNStudio also start to build a similar platform? Will such an independent design platform cause a market share impact on Adobe, Autodesk, etc.? In your opinion, what kind of changes will this bring to the design sector in the future?

SpaceForm介绍视频 ©UNStudio

Garett Hwang:突如其来的疫情使得远程沟通变得更加频繁且必要。对于建筑设计行业来讲,我们意识到急需一个帮助全球团队实现高效设计和呈现的工具,以降低差旅需求。
As a result of the pandemic, coordination through remote communication is not only more frequent but required. For the architecture design industry, we urgently need a tool to help global teams present and design more effectively, reducing and eventually eliminating the need for travel.

UNStudio与BIG携手Squint/Opera共同开发SpaceForm平台。SpaceForm提供了一个让设计团队将项目转化为互动体验的叙述型平台。项目相关方可以在平台中共同探索项目,并给出关键建议。
UNStudio, with BIG, has partnered with Squint/Opera to developed SpaceForm. SpaceForm provides a platform for story-telling and the ability for design teams to turn a project into an interactive narrative experience. Stakeholders can discover their own journey throughout a project while helping make key decisions.

SpaceForm平台向使用者提供沉浸式3D实时空间体验,参与方通过各自的终端连接平台,能够协同审阅设计文档和汇报文件。它还能无缝与其他可视化软件如Rhino 3D、Rivet、Sketchup、Unreal进行数据共享。平台可以在各类终端设备上呈现沉浸式环境,提供项目所在城市数据,有效实现设计视觉化、帮助参与者更好地做出设计决策
Among its innovative features, the platform will simulate immersive, 3D environments in real-time for collaborative reviews and presentations with key stakeholders, and seamlessly connect other visualization software such as Rhino 3D, Rivet, Sketchup, and Unreal to allow easy data sharing. It will also allow you to visualize digital twin and urban data for better decision-making and design choices, and immerse virtual audiences in architectural designs on any device.


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