Yandhai桥

内皮恩河,彭里斯市,新南威尔士州

Yandhai Bridge

Nepean River, Penrith, NSW, Australia

建成时间: 2018年10月，对外开放

设计:   ki工作室

建筑师 Miguel Wustemann

景观建筑师 Judy van Gelderen 博士

工程: BG&E

客户:   道路和海事服务局/彭里斯市政府

Constructed: 2018 &  opened October 2018

DesignedBy: KI STUDIO 

Architect- Miguel Wustemann

Landscape architect- Dr Judy van Gelderen

BG&E- Engineers

Client: Roads and Maritime NSW/Penrith City Council

荣誉 Accolades

荣获澳大利亚AILA 新南威尔士州2015年城市设计奖

AILA NSW Award for Urban Design 2015

陈述 Narrative

       KI工作室赢得的内皮恩河Yandhai桥设计大赛从景观和城市设计的角度出发，而不是仅仅从工程的角度出发。由此产生的200米桁架跨度是一个独特的解决方案，挑战了一般的工程思维，使桥梁本身成为一个目的地，而不仅仅是一个交叉点。

KI Studio’s competition winning YANDHAI Bridge design was strongly driven from a landscape and urban design point of view rather than from an engineering focus. The resulting 200 metre truss span is a unique solution that challenges common engineering thinking and makes the bridge a destination in itself rather than just a crossing point.

   这座桥是作为一个独特的标志性结构而开发的，它提供了横跨内皮恩河的安全共享路径。这座桥将彭里斯市提升为一座河流城市，将它与水连接起来，在彭里斯市和鸸鹋平原之间提供了连接，并巧妙地融入了景观之中。

The bridge was developed as a unique and iconic structure that provides a safe shared path connection across the Nepean River. The bridge promotes Penrith as a River City, linking it to the water, providing connectivity between Penrith and Emu Plains and sits sensitively in the landscape.

   该项目展示了景观设计师和城市设计师如何丰富基础设施项目，贡献他们在景观/场地和文化阐述方面的技艺，并协助团队将客观环境和人文社会的反应编织到项目结果中，作为设计的一个组成部分。

The project demonstrates how landscape architects and urban designers can enrich infrastructure projects, contributing their skills in landscape/site and cultural interpretation and to assist the team in weaving both physical and social responses into the project outcome as an integral part of the design.

从河岸边眺望已完工的大桥 

View of the completed bridge from the foreshore

愿景 The vision

     我们的愿景是让这座桥本身成为一个目的地，而不仅仅是一个交通点，即“不仅仅是一座桥——是一个聚会的地方”。经过对周围景观和环境的全面分析，这座桥的设计理念十分有趣，并邀请游客从各种有利位置体验内皮恩河。这些空间是为人们会面、逗留和沉思而设计的。

The vision is to make the bridge a destination in itself rather than just a crossing point, i.e. “more than just a bridge- a meeting place”. After a thorough analysis of the surrounding landscape and environment, the developed bridge concept created is playful and invites visitors to experience the Nepean river from a variety of vantage points. The spaces have been designed for people to meet, linger, and contemplate in.

设计要点 & 设计挑战 

Brief & design challenges

• 在彭里斯市中心和鸸鹋平原之间提供一个行人与自行车道的连接

• 成为一个目的地，为人们创造与河流接触的机会

• 优化内皮恩河和维多利亚大桥的景观

• 尊重该地区的历史背景和地点

• 尽量减少对划船者使用河流的影响

• 提供一个防洪、舒适和安全的十字路口

• 施工要实际，成本效益要高

• 对邻近居民的隐私度保持敏感

• Provide a pedestrian and cyclist connection between Penrith City Centre and Emu Plains

• Be a destination and create opportunities for people to engage with the river

• Optimise views of the Nepean River and Victoria Bridge

• Respect the historic setting and place of the area

• Minimise impact on rowers using the river

• Provide a crossing that is flood proof, comfortable and safe to use

• Be practical to construct and cost effective

• Be sensitive to adjacent residents' privacy

   关键的挑战是尽量减少对赛艇路线(世界上最长、笔直的天然河道)的影响，降低对邻近居民的打扰，与附近桥梁的呼应，应对洪水，遵循预算，并将桥梁融入历史背景。

KEY CHALLENGES were minimizing impacts on the rowing course (the longest, straight natural river course worldwide), being sensitive to adjacent residents, relating to nearby bridges, responding to flood constraints, keeping to budget and siting the bridge sensitively within its historic setting.

从鸸鹋平原河岸边的视角实拍图 

View from the Emu Plains river shore

协作 Collaboration

   景观设计师和建筑师之间的紧密合作确保了场地分析的精髓融入到设计中，产生了创造性的解释，在设计中添加了“层次”。

Close collaboration between landscape architect and architect ensured that the essence from the site analysis was integrated into the design, resulting in a creative interpretation, adding ‘layers’ into the design resolution.

   景观设计包括全面的背景环境分析，以将桥梁融入整体景观。原始的水流、曲线形式与河流、河岸和周围历史道路的形式有关。保护古树,解释最初的赌注公路对齐、集成与陡峭的河岸的斜坡和相邻的公园和未来的公共空间,居民的隐私需求在内皮恩河和选址的新结构敏感与公园环境设置和遗产的地方和建筑鸸鹋平原,主要景观规划方面的考虑。

Landscape design included critical contextual analysis to input into the bridge’s alignment in the overall landscape. The original fluid, curvilinear form related to the river, the banks and form of the historic roads surrounding the site. Protection of heritage trees, interpretation of the original Punt Road alignment, the integration with steep river bank slopes and adjacent parkland and future public space, privacy needs of residents on the Penrith side of the river and siting the new structure in the sensitive environment with the park setting and heritage places and buildings on the Emu Plains side , were key landscape planning considerations.

       场地规划的主要问题还包括与现有桥梁的关系，以及从桥梁到周围街道和公园的安全、清晰的行人/自行车道的连接。

Key site planning issues also considered were the relationship to the existing bridge and the creation of safe, legible pedestrian/cycle links from the bridge into the surrounding streets and parklands.

整体景观鸟瞰图 

Yandhai Bridge Photomontage

       此外，重要的是最大限度地保留现有树木，特别是紫色开花的蓝花楹，它们具有重要的遗产意义，因为它们标志着历史上的庞特路河过境路线。

In addition, it was important to maximise retention of existing trees, especially the purple flowering Jacarandas that had heritage significance as they marked the alignment of the historic PuntRoad river crossing.

       这座桥是彭里斯市议会与道路和海事部门合作发起的一项倡议;自2012年起，我们与社区进行了全面的协商，并根据社区和专家小组(包括所属政府的建设部门和其他权威机构)的反馈，选择了一个首选的设计方案。

The bridge is an initiative of PenrithCity Council in collaboration with Roads and Maritime; extensive consultation with the community took place since 2012 and a preferred design was selected based on feedback from the community and a panel of experts, including theGovernment Architect and other authorities.

       这座新桥是社区参与河流的基础设施项目，是社区纪念河流、划船比赛、庆祝节日和潜在的其他社区功能(如市场)的社交活动平台。同时也容纳被动的和主动的娱乐活动——促进社会人文和经济的发展。它的设计巩固了社区和政府的共同愿望，创造了一个里程碑。

This new bridge is an infrastructure project for the community to engage with the river, a platform for social events allowing the community to celebrate the river, for rowing races, festivals and potentially other community functions such as markets. whilst also accommodating passive and active recreation- all promoting social and economic well being. Its design underpins the community’s and Council’s aspirations and creates a landmark in terms of usage and as a marker.

       与彭里斯市议会的讨论和合作对于实现他们的总体规划愿景提供高质量的成果至关重要。通过与道路和海事服务局城市设计中心、工程服务中心和项目经理的合作，我们确保了具有耐久性卓越设计，为新南威尔士州开创性的桥梁美学树立了新的标杆。

Discussions and collaboration with Penrith City Council were vital in delivering a high quality outcome that achieved their master plan vision. Working with the RMSCentre for Urban Design, Engineering Services and Project Managers, we ensure durability and design excellence which has set a new benchmark in the seminal new document Bridge Aesthetics.

架构设计——关键元素  

Architectural development- key elements

       这座桥的设计体现了敏感和创新的设计，尊重了场地的文化价值和遗产项目。虽然最初的设计包括一个曲线形状的桁架反映的历史定位平底船渡河,使桥有一个柔和流畅的外观,在设计开发东部时桥台不得不重新定位,导致一个直线结构取代了之前的“S”对齐的桁架(保持预算和减少影响到私人住宅)。

The bridge design demonstrates a sensitive and innovative design that respected the site’s cultural values and heritage items. Whilst the original design included a curvilinear shaped truss that reflect the historical alignment of the punt crossing the river, allowing the bridge to have a softer appearance, during design development the eastern abutment was relocated, resulting in a straight structure that replaced the previous‘S’ alignment of the truss  (to keep to budget and minimise impacts to private residences).

       这座桥完美的坐落在周围的景观中，充分利用了河流和公园的景观，并尊重附近居民的隐私。

The bridge sits sensitively in the surrounding landscape, capitalises on views of the river and into parkland and is also sensitive to adjacent residents by respecting their privacy.

       观景平台和上层平台(后来被删除)的结合创造了一个“不仅仅是一座桥”的结构，为社会互动提供了新的空间和场所，并允许用户享受独特的河流景观设置的美丽。桥的主动式和被动式活动区域使安全性成为设计的一个组成部分。

The incorporation of viewing terraces, balconies and upper decks (later deleted) creates a structure that is"more than a bridge", providing new spaces and places for social interaction and allowing users to enjoy the beauty of the unique river landscape setting.  Active and passive areas along the bridge allowed for safety to be an integral part of the design.

设有遮阳篷的观景台 

View of the viewing deck with shade canopy

       桥梁的大跨度避免了对河流和赛艇路线的影响——200米的清晰跨度，使其成为澳大利亚最长跨径的人行桥。

The large span avoids impacts to the river and rowing course- with a 200m clear span, making it Australia’s longest span pedestrian bridge.

       建筑设计参考了附近历史悠久的钢桥，创造了桥梁建设各个时代之间的对话。桥墩的形式语言与历史悠久的维多利亚大桥巧妙地联系在一起，同时解决了一个复杂的几何挑战，最大限度地减少上游的水流。桥的栏杆呼应划行船，木材代表船体，参考下面的历史划船路线。栏杆的上部采用钢索，以反映海上特征，并最大限度地开阔河流的视野。

The architectural design makes reference to the nearby historic steel bridges, creating a dialogue between various epochs of bridge construction. The form language of the piers subtly relates to the historic Victoria Bridge, whilst solving a complex geometrical challenge to minimise afflux upriver. The bridge balustrades echo a row boat with the timbers representing the hull of a boat to make reference to the historic rowing course below. The upper portion of the balustrade is executed in steel cable to reflect a maritime character and to maximise open views to the river.

观景平台细部实拍图 Viewing deck 

       在夜间，特色照明将桥梁烘托为地标，创造了沿河景观的焦点。街道照明以这样一种方式被纳入，以减少对私人物业的眩光，通过反射光补充功能照明。

At night time, feature lighting expresses the structure as a landmark, creating a focal point along the waterway. Streetlighting has been incorporated in such a way to minimise glare to private properties, whilst not detracting but rather complementing the feature lighting through reflected light.

桥梁夜景 Bridge at night time

景观设计 Landscape design

       景观设计使用当地开采的砂岩作为挡土墙，种植设计加强了该地区的本土植物群落，以及鸸鹋平原一侧的文化背景，在那里蓝花楹得到了加强。此外，在设有沼泽的基台地区和渗水地区，亦推行了对水敏感设计措施。

The landscape design used local quarried sandstone rock for the retaining walls, and planting design reinforced the indigenous plant communities of the area, as well as the cultural setting on Emu Plain’s side where Jacarandas were reinforced. Water sensitive design initiatives were also introduced in both abutment areas with swales and infiltration areas. 

总结 Conclusion

       一个集成的基础设施解决方案，它反映了创造力，并为后人提供了灵感，在那里，功能被扩展到不仅仅是一个实用的交通点，而是一个目的地本身。

An integrated infrastructure solution that reflects creativity and provides inspiration for future generations to set a bench mark, where the function is expanded to be more than just a utilitarian crossing point, but rather a destination in itself.

• 一座美丽优雅的桥梁提供了一个有吸引力的、安全的共享路径连接，跨越内皮恩河，它与河岸和建筑特征非常匹配，为彭里斯和该地区创造了审美亮点。

• 独特、创新，具有雕塑感的地标性构筑物。

• 观景平台和上层平台(后来被删除)的结合创造了一个不仅仅是桥梁的结构，为社会互动提供了一个新的空间和场所，让用户享受独特的河流景观设置的美丽。

• A beautiful elegant bridge providing an attractive, safe shared path connection across the Nepean River that fits sensitively into the riparian and built character and creates an aesthetic highlight for Penrith and the region.

• A landmark structure that is unique, innovative, social and sculptural.

• The incorporation of viewing terraces, balconies and upper decks (later deleted) creates a structure that is more than a bridge, providing new space and place for social interaction and allowing users to enjoy the beauty of the unique river landscape setting.