Ⓒ盖博建筑事务所Gerber Architekten; 夜景效果图 Night View
中东第一座零能耗的超高层建筑 - 将传统自然通风技术转化成为尖端的建筑技术。
The first zero-primary-energy high-rise in Middle East that transfers traditional techniques of natural ventilation into cutting-edge building technology.
项目简述 I Project Introduction
德国盖博建筑事务所Gerber Architekten，与环境工程公司迪索工程咨询有限公司DS Plan合作，在位于中东巴林王国的首都麦纳麦，设计了能源中心大厦Energy Tower/Burj Al-Taga，这是一个具有划时代意义的，专门为了满足中东地区能耗需求而设计的生态高层建筑。目前项目正在施工中。能源中心大厦将中东历史悠久的风塔中使用的传统自然通风技术转化为尖端的建筑技术。建筑高度节能，100%能源自给自足，通过可再生资源生产建筑本身100%的能源需求。With the design for the “Energy Tower / Burj Al-Taqa”, the German architectural firm Gerber Architekten GmbH in cooperation with the environmental engineers DS-Plan has presented plans for a revolutionary ecological high-rise building especially designed to meet the particular demands of the Middle East. The realization of the Energy Tower is now being prepared.The Energy Tower transfers the traditional techniques of natural ventilation as used in the historic wind towers of the Middle East into cutting-edge building technology. The building is highly energy efficient and 100% energy self-sufficient. It produces itself 100% of its own energy demand through renewable resources. Ⓒ盖博建筑事务所Gerber Architekten; 总体效果图 Perspective
Ⓒ盖博建筑事务所Gerber Architekten; 基地现状site condition
Ⓒ盖博建筑事务所Gerber Architekten; 盖博教授勘察现场 Professor Gerber visited the site
生态与节能数据
Ecological quality and energy conservation
与同类型超高建筑相比，能源中心大厦的能耗最多可减少 60%，其余 40% 的能源来自可再生能源。 由于采用 100% 风驱动通风，可以节省 30% 以上的能源。 太阳能遮阳板Solar Shield 围绕建筑物旋转，跟踪太阳产生的能量，提供有效的遮阳，以最佳的表面/体积比，真空玻璃外墙，冷却天花板，冷热空气/水交换等建筑节能技术，节省了 30%的能耗。剩余的40%，则全部通过新能源提供，采用的主要技术包括塔楼顶端的风力涡轮机，以及太阳能板。并为附近的楼宇提供所需的电力。通过模拟运营计算，能源中心大厦在建成之后能够做到“零能耗”和“零碳排放”。体现出建筑师对于全球变暖的技术应对，亦将成为新一代的可持续超高层建筑典范。The Energy Tower requires up to 60% less energy than a comparable reference building and covers the remaining 40% solely from renewable energy sources. Due to the 100% wind driven ventilation more than 30% energy can be saved. Additional 30% are saved due to the Solar Shield rotating around the building tracking the sun producing power and providing efficient sun protection, optimal surface/volume ratio, vacuum glazing, chilled ceiling slabs and air/water heat exchangers naturally pre-cooling the supply air. The crowning Darrieus Wind Turbine, PV on the Solar Shield and the surrounding Beach Mall provide the necessary power. Being operated with zero primary energy and emitting zero CO2, the Energy Tower actively contributes to stop the global climate change and thus defines a new generation of sustainable high-rise buildings.
Ⓒ盖博建筑事务所Gerber Architekten; 效果图 Perspective
设计说明 I Project Description
Transforming traditional architecture
能源中心大厦高度创新的建筑概念，受到传统阿拉伯建筑技术“风塔”的启发。在夏季温度达到 50°C 的地区，传统的阿拉伯建筑依靠“风塔”提供完全生态的自然通风。风塔将室内的热风转化为凉爽的微风，从而最大限度地提高室内舒适度。The highly innovative building concept of the Energy Tower is based on the analysis of the so-called wind towers as part of the traditional Arabian architecture. In a region with temperatures reaching 50°C, wind towers provide an entirely ecological ventilation by using the energy of the wind only. The wind towers are transforming the hot wind into a cooling breeze inside the houses and thus maximise indoor comfort.
传统阿拉伯建筑技术“风塔”及其自然通风原理示意 the traditional wind tower
建筑师创新性地将相似的理念应用到60层的超高层现代建筑结构中，通过巧妙的结构设计，运用自然海风的能量替代机械通风，再加上进一步的辅助技术手段，仅此一项，就能够将建筑耗能降低30%。
The Energy Tower transfers these principles into the modern structure of a 60-story high-rise building by using the energy of the wind for the ventilation of the entire building. Thus, any mechanical ventilation system becomes obsolete. By these, energy consumption is reduced to 70 percent of a common high rise.生态通风
The ECO Atria
整个建筑的通风都是由自然风力驱动。双层建筑表皮包围了整个塔楼。它利用自然风力和热空气上升永久产生的压差，排出建筑物的废气。The entire ventilation of the building is wind driven. A double-layered façade envelops the entire tower. It serves to evacuate the exhaust air of the building. Using the pressure differences that occur permanently through wind and thermal uplift it is powered entirely by natural forces.Ⓒ盖博建筑事务所Gerber Architekten; 双层建筑表皮 double-layers facade
生态通风室将引导建筑产生废气的排出，并在双层建筑表皮内部产生一个负压环境，这个负压环境将在建筑的每一层用于抽取废气。新鲜的、冷却的和经过调温的新风通过两个中央风室和五个侧风室，以一个可控的小型正压输送回建筑中。每个风室的送风量均通过自动传感装置的百叶进行控制。The exhaust air that is extracted out of the building creates negative pressure inside the double-layered façade. This negative pressure is used to evacuate the exhaust air of each level. Through this fresh, chilled, and conditioned supply air is sucked in from the Central Atrium and the perimeter atria. This air movement is also supported by a minimal positive pressure in the atria. The amount of air that enters and exists is individually steered by sensor-controlled louvres.Ⓒ盖博建筑事务所Gerber Architekten; 生态通风ventilation system
风力涡轮机“皇冠”
The Wind turbine crowning the building
能源中心大厦的顶部是如同“皇冠”一般的风力涡轮机，可产生生态风力。涡轮机高约6m，宽约10m，被设置在建筑物顶部，是风速最高的位置。设计使用的涡轮机为Darrieus型号，（专利号 4-06-05-6331）是一种垂直安装的涡轮机，形态仿佛金色的火焰，象征着对可持续性发展，以及对使用自然资源的尊重。The top of the building is crowned by a wind turbine generating ecological wind power. The wind turbine with about 6m height and 10m width is installed on the top of the building because there the highest wind speed is to be expected.The patented design (patent No.4-06-05-6331) is based on the Darrieus type, a vertically mounted turbine. Its outstanding, flame-like shape turns into a symbol of sustainability and the respectful use of natural resources. 风力涡轮机The Wind turbine
旋转太阳盾
Rotating Solar Shield
一个创新的遮阳装置，旋转太阳盾，能够自动跟踪太阳的位置并围绕建筑物旋转。太阳盾覆盖了整个圆周60°的弧长。它自动旋转到需要遮阳的角度，对于另外无需遮阳的300°弧长来说，使用者则能够自由地享受自然采光和风景。太阳盾在双层建筑表皮之间的轨道上运行，因此免受外部气候的影响和海水蒸腾盐分的侵蚀，节约了维护成本。与此同时，太阳盾吸收的热能产生热升力，有利于双层建筑表皮内部负压的形成，以支持建筑的生态通风系统。除了遮阳功能外，太阳盾表面还设置了光伏涂层用于太阳能发电。
A newly developed sun protection device – the Solar Shield – rotates around the building while tracking the sun. It prevents the interior of the building from being heated up by the sun. It covers 60°segment of the full circle, and doesn’t block the view and hinders daylight to enter on the other 300°where no sun protection is desired.The solar shield runs on rails in the gap of the double -layered façade. This way it is permanently protected from the outside climate, sand, and salt of the sea water. Positioned inside the exhaust air conducting façade it also enhances the thermal up lift to support the naturally driven ventilation of the building.In addition to the sun protection the solar shield is also generating electric power by its coat of photovoltaics. Ⓒ盖博建筑事务所Gerber Architekten; 旋转太阳盾 Rotating Solar Shield
中庭采光体系
Daylight System
能源中心大厦还配备了先进的采光系统，以最大限度地收集自然光，并减少对人工照明的能源需求。自然光的使用亦能够提升空间的舒适度和健康度。屋顶区域都布置的高反射镜面，自动跟随太阳高度角变换方向，并将收集到的阳光反射到中庭的顶部。采光中庭将所有收集的自然光输送到建筑物的内部，并通过安装在采光中庭内壁的全息光学元件将自然光进一步分配到每一个楼层。The Energy Tower is equipped with highly advanced daylight systems to maximize the harvest of natural light and to minimize the energy demand on artificial lighting. The comfort and healthiness of spaces is also enhanced by increasing the availability of daylight.The entire roof area of the building is used for heliostats, highly reflective mirrors, to collect and project the direct sun light on the head of the light cone. The mirrors are changing constantly their orientation following the cause of the sun. The light cone brings all captured light deeply down into the centre of the building. Holographic optic elements mounted on the inner wall of the light cone distribute the light storey wise in the central atrium and beyond.Ⓒ盖博建筑事务所Gerber Architekten;中庭采光体系 Daylight System
设计理念及定位
Concept Positioning
所有的技术要素组织在一起，其目标是满足空间功能的需求和舒适度。能源中心大厦提供办公、酒店和住宅功能的同时，还表达着对生态和自然的尊重。在文化认同方面，受中东传统风塔启发的设计理念发展为本地居民可以与之产生共鸣的现代设计。业主为自己的传统建筑技术重新获得价值而感到自豪。All technical elements serve a significant architecture which meets highest demands in space and comfort. The Energy Tower combines office, hotel, and residential spaces as well as the respect to nature and Ecology.In the matter of cultural identity, the Energy Tower inspired by the traditional wind towers of the middle east offers a contemporary building with which the residing population can relate with. It fills them with pride realizing their own traditional building techniques have regained value.
项目信息 Project Data
点击收藏，并建立自己的在线数据库
评论