临安·风之谷户外自然学校 | GWPArchitects ARCHINA 项目

临安·风之谷户外自然学校 | GWPArchitects

阅读:4855 2020-12-23

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△杭州临安·风之谷户外自然学校鸟瞰效果图

Lin’an Valley of the Wind School in the Nature, Birdseye View

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希望孩子们能带着他的梦想像一架童年的纸飞机一样放飞到大自然，在这里能感受到不同于课室学习的乐趣和包罗万象的户外知识。这是我们设计并建造这所户外自然学校的初衷。也希望通过这这个设计赋予这里的学生一种崇尚自然和勇于探险自然的精神。

—— 张国威 John Zhang（风之谷户外自然学校项目主持建筑师, GWP董事合伙人）

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△ 项目区位 Project Location

©Google Earth

临安·风之谷户外自然学校位于杭州市临安郊区广阔的自然草坡之间，旨在为青少年创造一片满足户外运动的大本营。周边自然环境优美，拥有大面积的绿地与公共活动区域，场地北侧现状为山坡，南侧和西侧为待建设乡镇道路。

The school is located on an open site among the grassy hills in Lin’an District, outside the City of Hangzhou, with the goal of creating a basecamp of outdoor activities for the young students. The site is in the vicinity of large area of beautiful green belts and common open spaces. The north of the site sits on hills, with a local road planned around the south to the west.

△场地周边现状 Existing Conditions in the Vicinity

虽然场地周边基本为未建设用地，自然环境保留完好，但可供建设的用地范围极其有限，场地用地红线面积只有2804㎡。因此，为了满足项目功能，容积率需要做到接近2.0，这对于正常标准只需要做到0.8的学校建筑类型来说，空间密度无疑是大大超出通常情况的，这也成为了本次项目的主要设计挑战。

The vicinity of the site is mostly undeveloped lands in their original natural forms, but the permitted site area is also extremely limited, at only 2,804 square meters. Therefore, to fulfill all the program and function requirements, the floor area ratio must be close to 2.0, which significantly exceeds the standard 0.8 FAR of typical school building complex and becomes the major challenge in the design of this project.

△ 形体生成分析 Form Generation Analysis

为了应对这一挑战，设计团队从多视角进行了分析与思考。

In order to address this challenge, the design team takes a multi-perspective approach on the project.

首先，从“户外自然学校”建筑群体的整体概念上，学校建筑形态本身应该是一个可以统领完整的大片户外场地、并在形式上充分体现青少年与户外运动精神的存在。由此，我们以承载着青少年的梦想与志趣的“纸飞机”为设计意象，令建筑犹如一只纸飞机般从孩子们的手中起飞，利用视觉冲击力与空间想象力的“通感”唤起青少年积极向上的动力，能够在此“放飞梦想，快乐成长”。

First, based off the comprehensive concept of “school in the nature”,the form of this school building architecture should be an existence that can both unify large area of outdoor space in entirety and fully reflect the spirits of youth and outdoor sports. Therefore, we take the paper plane which can carry the dreams and ambitions of the young students as inspiration of the building form, “releasing” the architecture into the air like a paper plane being released by the students. By connecting the visual image with the imagination of the space, the design aims to arouse the young students’ motivations so that they can truly “release their dreams and grow with happiness” while at school.

△ 主入口透视图 Human perspective at the main entrance

在“纸飞机”概念的基础上，结合具体的功能、流线、规范、材料等要求，通过分割、推移等体量操作手法，将设计概念落实表达。使得临安·风之谷户外自然学校既是一个实用的物质空间，同时又是一个文化的载体。

On top of the inspirational image of “paper plane”, with consideration of specific requirements in function, circulation, regulation, and materials, etc., the design team further interprets the concept into tangible operations of dividing and moving building volumes, making the school both a series of useful physical spaces and a carrier of culture at the same time.

△ 南立面效果图 South Elevation

临安·风之谷户外自然学校采用“夏令营”的教学模式，在教学中更加强调培养青少年的健康体质与健全人格，更加追求探索能力与互助精神，这是一种区别于传统的对话建构式的教育与学习模式。

The School in the Nature takes a “summer-camp” model of teaching and learning, with an emphasis on the cultivation of healthy physicality and personality of the students, as well as the ability of exploration and the spirit of mutual aid. This is unique model different from other traditional instructive model of teaching and learning.

为了适应新的学习模式，同时能满足学生的兴趣与能力的多元化发展，对应的建筑空间也应该是情景式的、开放的、灵活的与动态的。学校的宿舍区与教学区在各个标高上都形成有机联系，组织便捷清晰的交通流线，同时注重建筑空间的创造，使得各功能区之间动态、高效串联。

To accommodate the new model of teaching and learning as well as the diversity in the students’ development in interest and ability, the corresponding architectural space should also be scenario-based, open, flexible, and dynamic. The dormitory area and the classroom area of the school are in an organic dialogue on each level, creating clear and convenient paths of circulation. Meanwhile, with the focus on architectural space creation, each functional area can be dynamically and efficiently connected.

△ 夜景鸟瞰图 Birdseye view at night

建筑屋顶高低错落，有序排列，折面交错的屋面也跟背后的山体轮廓相得益彰。建筑立面变化丰富，白色与木色冷暖对比，格栅与玻璃虚实对比，在强烈反差中求得互补和满足的效果。

Rooftops of the building volumes vary naturally in height and are arranged well in order. The folded roofs also interact with the contours of the hills in the background and bring the best image out of each other. The building facades have a rich range of variances, and achieve complementary effects out of contrasts between the white and natural wood colors as well as between the vertical grills and the transparent glasses.

△ 景观空间方案示意效果图 Landscaped area rendering

景观设计也充分考虑了场地现状、交通流线以及青少年充满活力的特点，将场地设计为观赏、休憩、交流、运动为一体的多样性景观空间。景观延续建筑屋顶造型特色，充分与建筑相互呼应，使建筑与生态环境良好融合。

Existing site conditions, paths of circulation, and vigor of the young students have all been thoroughly considered in the landscape design, turning the site into a diverse landscape field that combines sight-seeing, relaxing, communication, and sports altogether. The landscape carries through the features of the rooftops and speak in full concert with the architecture design, enabling the two to merge together smoothly.

△ 屋顶花园效果图 Rendering of Roof Garden

另外在用地极度紧张的条件下，利用屋顶空间，创造了三个开阔的屋顶花园，可以成为集体活动的舞台，也可以激发自发的活动和多样的事件，成为对话的场所、文化的载体。

In addition, under the circumstance of an extremely tight site, three spacious rooftop gardens have been created on top of the building volumes as stages for group activities. The gardens can also evoke spontaneous activities and diverse events, making them places for dialogues and vehicles of culture.

从学习模式到建筑本身，临安·风之谷户外自然学校都在突出学生在学校空间中的主体地位，努力赋予建筑蕴含教育的深度，希望建成后学生们都可以在此“放飞梦想，快乐成长”。

The School in Nature always emphasizes the prioritized status of students themselves within the school, whether in the model of teaching and learning or in the architecture of the school, making efforts to create architecture of educational significance and hoping all the students can truly“release their dreams and grow with happiness” here after the completion of the school building.